Approaches to primary prevention of hypertension 4 populationbased strategy 4 intensive targeted strategy 4 interventions with documented efficacy 6 weight loss 6 dietary sodium reduction 6 increased physical activity 8 moderation of alcohol consumption 8 potassium supplementation 8 modification of whole diets 8 interventions with uncertain or. At baseline, patients typically reported drinking 300 to 600 ml of alcohol, or 3060 standard drinks, per week. Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is an issue that affects millions of people around the world. Prereferral intervention manual fourth edition prim4. Pulmonary hypertension ph or phtn is a condition of increased blood pressure within the arteries of the lungs.
If there is more blood andor smaller arteries, naturally the pressure will be higher. This paper describes the intervention planning process for the home. Nonpharmacologic strategies for managing hypertension. Half of all patients with hypertension who take antihypertensive drug therapy fail to reach blood pressure treatment goals. Results twentyone of 555 retrieved studies 4% met our inclusion criteria. Lifestyle interventions for blood pressure control the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Thank you for completing our module on hypertension. The book contains 171 short chapters by distinguished experts that cover every aspect of hypertension and its pathogenesis, epidemiology, impact, and management.
Clinical interventions to address hypertension disparities topic briefs 3 clinician e. The community preventive services task force cpstf recommends selfmeasured blood pressure monitoring interventions combined with additional support to improve blood pressure outcomes in patients with high blood pressure. Third, our study provides important evidence regarding the effectiveness of these interventions at not only preventing diabetes and hypertension but also at managing these conditions. This was a randomized, nonblinded trial involving 360 hypertensive patients enrolled in the community. In more than 90 percent of cases, the cause or causes of high blood pressure are not known. Educational and organisational interventions used to improve the. Three broad categories of determinants of human behavior will be discussed in this study session and you will have an opportunity to learn about the influence of these factors in determining human behavior. The primary objective, 80% of adults would have documented selfmanagement goals, was. Dietary intervention study for hypertension dish the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Interventions directed at individuals with hypertension a. Hypertension has become a significant pediatric health problem owing to the increased number of overweight children.
After the study was complete, the zhiji program was implemented in more communities in several cities in china such as beijing, other areas of tianjin, and xian. Health coaching in primary care intervention protocol background and description the health coaching in primary care intervention protocol is a detailed description of the health coaching model used in our randomized controlled trial rct of health coaching conducted by medical assistants for patients with uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension. Result of schoolbased intervention on cardiovascular risk factors. Tumor necrosis factoralpha antagonist etanercept decreases blood pressure and protects the kidney in a mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus. This study aimed to evaluate communitybased health education strategies in the management of hypertensive patients with low socioeconomic status in dongguan city, china. It is a widespread symptom leading to very serious consequences, making it an important medical and social issue. But after age 50, the systolic reading is even more significant.
The trials of hypertension prevention collaborative research group. Communitybased health education programs may be helpful in improving health outcomes in patients with chronic illnesses. Intervention planning for a digital intervention for selfmanagement. Although considerable progress has been made in developing pharmacological. It illustrates how a personbased approach can be integrated with theory and evidencebased approaches. This emedtv web page explains how working to prevent primary hypertension can reduce your risk of having a heart attack. Intervention costs to reduce 1 mmhg blood pressure or 1 qualityadjusted lifeyear. Prereferral intervention manualfourth edition kathy cummins wunderlich, samm n. More severe hypertension, stage 2 hypertension is a systolic pressure of 140 mm hg or higher or a diastolic pressure of 90 mm hg or higher. Both numbers in a blood pressure reading are important. Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure. All risk factors must be addressed in order to limit impairment and minimize damage to the body. Sodium reduction and weight loss in the treatment of hypertension in older persons.
Hypertension was generally defined as a blood pressure reading of 140 over 90 or higher, but new guidelines issued in 2017 define hypertension as over 80 or. Only studies with an economic evaluation of interventions for hypertension control. Substudies 2, 3, and 4 carry out and evaluate interventions in the companies, the aim of. Three levels of health promotiondisease prevention disease. This nursing care plan guide are nanda nursing diagnosis for hypertension or highblood pressure interventions, assessment, goals. Jnc 7 sets evidence based guidelines for recommendations of diagnosis and treatment of hypertension but it does not substitute for physicians clinical decision making. Jun 01, 2006 hypertension is a welldocumented risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. The personbased approach to intervention development emphasises the use of qualitative. Robbins cl, dietz pm, bombard j, tregear m, schmidt sm, tregear sj.
Heart rate, blood pressure, and self reported activity and stress level will be recorded simultaneously. Although alcoholism was not formally defined, very heavy drinkers were commonly excluded. A prerequisite for success in the prevention of hypertension is the availability of safe and effective interventions. Economic evidence indicates that selfmeasured blood pressure monitoring.
Now, the latest medical advances that can help prevent the damaging effects of hypertension are compiled in a convenient reference under the authority of the american medical association. Over the past two decades, a steep rise in the prevalence of childhood obesity has been seen. The good news is that you can often prevent or treat high blood pressure. This page takes a look at several prevention techniques, such as reducing risk factors like inactivity and drinking too much alcohol. Blood pressure is essentially the amount of blood the heart pumps, as well as the resistance to blood flow in the actual arteries. In these cases we speak of hypertension of unknown etiology. Apr 19, 2016 adverse effects, treatment resistance and high costs associated with pharmacological treatment of hypertension have led to growing interest in nonpharmacological complementary therapies such as music interventions. In fact, 1 in 3 americans more than 65 million people has hypertension. Lifestyle modification is the greatest tool in prevention of hypertension. Three levels of health promotiondisease prevention.
The prereferral intervention manual prim provides a direct response to state mandated prereferral intervention activities. Evaluation of blood pressure home bp, a digital intervention to promote. When someone has higher pressure for an extended period of time, it begins to cause. The participants were 4902 people with hypertension systolic blood pressure sbp.
A wide range of strategies are considered to reduce adverse health consequences associated with hypertension through early detection, treatment, and control. Anyone can develop hypertension commonly known as high blood pressure. Interventions for hypertension in this section you will find all the topics related to interventions for hypertension like renal artery angioplasty, renal denervation and other hypertension for example obstructive sleep apnoea, resistant hypertension or secondary hypertension. Interventions included staff qi training along with patient education and lifestyle goal setting for sms of htn. Now in its thoroughly updated fourth edition, the hypertension primer is a comprehensive, readable source of stateoftheart scientific and clinical information on hypertension. The management of hypertension varies considerably from clinician to clinician. Nov 22, 2002 targeted interventions are needed for people with characteristics that put them at high risk for hypertension, including family history of hypertension, black race, highnormal bp, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, high dietarysodium intake, low dietarypotassium intake, and high alcohol intake. Hypertension since this study focuses on determining the most suitable intervention based on the perceptions and opinions of newly diagnosed hypertension male patients aged 30 years and above, the theoretical framework that will guide the research is the health belief model hbm. We collected information on program costs and health outcomes in three community health centers over a 1year period. Our systolic and to a lesser extent our diastolic tends to increase as. Theoretical framework for hypertension research research. Effectiveness of interventions for hypertension care in the communitya metaanalysis of controlled studies in china. Hypertension is repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding.
Controlling blood pressure is a global concern as it is a major risk factor for. Pdf intervention planning for a digital intervention for self. The world health organization has identified hypertension as the number one risk factor for mortality worldwide. Lifestyle interventions for hypertension and dyslipidemia among women of reproductive age. Nurseled care interventions for high blood pressure control. Clinical interventions to address hypertension disparities. Learn about the assessment, nursing interventions, teaching, and goals for hypertension nursing care plans. High blood pressure usually has no warning signs, yet it can lead to lifethreatening conditions like heart attack or stroke.
Interventions directed at individuals with hypertension. This chapter focuses more narrowly on interventions directed at individuals who have been diagnosed with hypertension. Hypertension affects about 40% adults worldwide and its known to be risk factors such as aging, lifestyle and medications. The american medical association essential guide to. Evidencebased nursing practice for health promotion in. A wide range of strategies are considered to reduce adverse health consequences associated with hypertension through early detection, treatment, and. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that effective blood pressure control can be achieved in most patients who are hypertensive, but the majority will require two or more antihypertensive drugs. Lifestyle interventions complement the efficacy of drug therapy and, alone, are often satisfactory in uncomplicated essential hypertension. Qi strategies are associated with improved hypertension control. Additional support may include patient counseling, education, or webbased support. Tertiary prevention of hypertension occurs when your blood pressure reaches hypertension 140 or higher systolic. The previous chapter discusses populationbased interventions that can be beneficial irrespective of hypertension status. Intervention planning for a digital intervention for self.
Prim is a multidisciplinary study undertaken by the national institute of. High blood pressure, or hypertension, affects about one in four americans but this potentially lifethreatening condition can exist virtually without symptoms. Although control rates have improved they are still far below the optimal goal. Dietary intervention study for hypertension dish full. Current recommendations for primary prevention of hypertension involve a populationbased approach and an intensive targeted strategy focused on individuals at high risk for hypertension. This theoretical framework suggests that a patients belief in the threat of a.
This pocketbook is a concise and evidencebased summary of current understanding and practice, including the most uptodate guidance from national bodies and their recommendations for hypertension care. Risk factors include a family history, prior blood clots in the. That means its imperative to have an accurate nursing diagnosis for hypertension as well as an effective care plan. Nursing care plan hypertension linkedin slideshare. If not properly treated, hypertension can lead to serious issues, including heart attack or stroke. Apr 22, 2012 from a behavioral medicine standpoint, hypertension is a lifestyle disorder, aggravated by unhealthy diet, adiposity, excessive alcohol intake, and stress. Dec 12, 2019 in this nursing care planning guide are six 6 nanda nursing diagnosis for hypertension or high blood pressure. But hypertension research scientists have found certain factors that increase a persons chance of developing hypertension. Lifestyle interventions hypertension ncbi bookshelf. This note covers the following topics related to hypertension. The methods for collating evidence are not novel and so are. Selfmeasured blood pressure monitoring interventions support and promote the use of personal blood pressure measurement devices in the. Prim project on research and intervention in monotonous work.
Quality improvement strategies for hypertension management. Ijerph free fulltext effectiveness of educational interventions. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the u. Jul 24, 2012 hypertension is a serious public health problem in china and in other developing countries.
Hypertension is the most common primary diagnosis in america. Blood pressure, children, general practice, iceland, intervention. This metaanalysis aims to provide an overview of reported evidence on the efficacy of music interventions in the treatment of hypertension. Presssures of 120129 over less than 80 are considered elevated. Effectiveness of interventions for hypertension care in the. Hypertension affects approximately 75 million adults in the united states and is a major risk factor for stroke, myocardial infarction, vascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Hypertension was generally defined as a blood pressure reading of 140 over 90 or higher, but new guidelines issued in 2017 define hypertension as over 80 or higher.
Interventions varied in their content but commonly featured a number of visits to a health care practitioner for advice on reducing intake of alcohol. This paper describes the intervention planning process for the home and online management and evaluation of blood pressure home bp, a digital intervention to promote hypertension selfmanagement. Lifestyle modification in prevention of hypertension. A manual search was conducted to identify additional potential eligible. A summary of the jnc 7 guidelines and this module can be found on the physicians jnc 7 reference card. It may be used by a teacher or group of educators, such as a teacher assistance team, to develop a comprehensive plan of intervention strategies for a student. The very elderly 1 section 5 hypertension in special groups 20. In adults arterial hypertension registers within 818%, approximately 5% of cases with arterial hypertension is possible the cause not to be found. Symptoms include shortness of breath, syncope, tiredness, chest pain, swelling of the legs, and a fast heartbeat. The aim of this thesis is to understand the effectiveness of lifestyle modification in. Now in its thoroughly updated fourth edition, the hypertension primer is a comprehensive, readable source of state of theart scientific and clinical information on hypertension. China national knowledge infrastructure, pubmed, and references of retrieved articles were searched to identify randomised or quasirandomised controlled studies. Effectiveness of interventions for hypertension care in.
Teachers physical activity log books were the basis for estimating the time. Nurse led interventions to improve control of blood pressure in. Electronic medical record data included blood pressure, cholesterol, tobacco use, body mass index, and selfmanagement goals. Hypertension is a public health problem and a term used to describe hbp. Preventing chronic disease effectiveness of a community. Interventions for patients with hypertension best custom.